Modern World History Final Exam Review Weakest Link

1. What leader changed Russia into the Soviet Union? (Vladimir Lenin)
2. What leader turned the Soviet Union back into Russia? (Mikhail Gorbachev)
3. How did he change the Soviet Union? (He gave money back to the people, allowed for freedom of speech, opened up democratic elections, ended the secret police KGB, and ended the Cold War with the USA).
4. What influence did Montesquieu have on the USA government? (3 branches)
5. What were the 95 Theses? (95 reasons why Martin Luther didn't like the Catholic Church)
6. Why did Luther write these? (He was against the selling of indulgences)
7. Where did the Romanov Czars control? (Russia)
8. What happened to their monarchy? (Lenin overthrew it and killed Nicholas II)
9. What is imperialism?  (conquering for resources)
10. What is nationalism? (love of your culture)
11. What is theocracy? (government based on religion)
12. What is divine right? (god makes the king the ruler- only for Absolute Monarchies)
13. Who fought in the Crusades? (European Christians vs Middle East Muslims)
14. What new technologies were found in the Crusades? (Gunpowder, new books, stain glass, sailboats)
15. Who was the United States’ mother country during colonization? (Great Britain or England)
16. Who was Mexico’s mother country during colonization? (Spain)
17. Why was France broke during the 1780s? (France helped the USA during the American Revolution against Great Britain)
18. Why was the Reign of Terror so horrible? (millions had their heads chopped off during the French Revolution)
19. What was the weapon of choice? (The Guillotine- for head chopping)
20. Who was the Jacobin that ruled France during the Reign of Terror? (Maximilian Robespierre)
21. How did Stalin help the Soviet Union? (he build factories)
22. How did Stalin hurt the Soviet Union? (he killed millions who disagreed with him)
23. What is the difference between a protestant and a Catholic? (Catholics follow the Pope, Protestants don't)
24. What is a democracy? (Government voted on by the people- USA)
25. What is anarchy? (country with no government)
26. What is a theocracy? (government under a religious control)
27. What did Napoleon Bonaparte do to end the French Revolution? (overthrew the French government and declared himself Emperor of France)
28. What did he do after he took over France? (tried to conquer all of Europe)
29. Where is the Cape of Good Hope? (southern tip of Africa)
30. How did explorers get to the India before the Suez Canal was built? (sail all the way around Africa)
31. Who was the first to do it? (Vasco de Gama) 
32. Who only got halfway and had to turn around? (Bartholomew Diaz)
33. Who was the first to sail around the world? (Ferdinand Magellan)
34. Where did the Mughal Empire control? (Northern India)
35. Why was Akbar the Great different from other Mughal leaders? (he tried to unite the Muslims and the Hindus through the Divine Faith)
36. What is a dictatorship? (government under a leader with absolute power)
37. Why did Luther hate indulgences? (indulgences made you pay to get into heaven, Luther believed that God lets us into heaven through faith in him only)
38. Who said that we should have rights and government must work for the people? (John Locke)
39. What is the Enlightenment period? (time when philosophers wrote about the power of the people and the power of government)
40. Why did Hitler hate the Treaty of Versailles? (BRAT- it blamed Germany for WW1, it made Germany repay the Allied Powers, it took away Germany's Army, and made Germany lose all its Territories and colonies)
41. What is a constitutional monarchy? (a king that is limited by a constitution)
42. What is capitalism? (people work for their money, and the government is not involved with buisnesses)
43. What is communism? (government owns everything and gives people what they need)
44. Who wrote the book that started communism? (Karl Marx and Frederich Engels)
45. What was that book called? (The Communist Manifesto)
46. Who used Communist ideas to kill the king of Russia in 1917? (Vladimir Lenin)
47. Who is the government supposed to help in Communism? (everyone equally)
48. What is Fascism? (government with a dictator and everyone works to make the country better.  Germany and Italy were Fascists during World War 2)
49. Why did the League of Nations fail? (USA didn't join, it had no army, countries could drop out if they weren't happy, and it never stopped Germany, Italy, or Japan from conquering in the 1930s)
50. Who was America’s president during World War 1? (Woodrow Wilson)
51. Who was America’s president during World War 2? (Franklin D. Roosevelt)
52. What happened at the Berlin Conference? (Europeans split up Africa to conquer them for resources)
53. How much power did Africans have at the conference? (None, Zip, Zero)
54. What was the goal of Containment? (to stop the spread of Communism after WW2)
55. Who was America’s president after World War 2, who started containment? (Harry Truman - The Truman Doctrine)
56. What was the Zimmerman Note? (World War 1 letter from Germany to Mexico asking Mexico to invade the USA.  It caused America to finally enter World War 1)
57. Why was Ptolemy wrong? (he thought the Earth was the center of the universe and the planets went around it - Geocentric)
58. How was Copernicus right? (he though the Sun was the center of the universe and the planets went around it- Heliocentric)
59. What affect did Matthew Perry have on Japan? (he opened Japan and forced it to trade with the USA)
60. How did Meiji change Japan? (he modernized, industrialized, and then imperialized it during the early 1900s, making it the most powerful country in Asia)
61. Why did Japan attack the USA at Pearl Harbor in 1941? (to stop our navy, steal our resources, and have a place to refuel before attacking California)
62. Where did the USA atomic bomb Japan in 1945? (Hiroshima and Nagasaki)
63. Who is the government supposed to help in Capitalism? (nobody, the government is not involved)
64. What countries had Fascist governments during World War 2? (Italy- Benito Mussolini and Germany- Adolf Hitler)
65. How did Gandhi overthrow the British in India? (through non-violent protest, telling the Indian people to stop working, and leading Salt Marches)
66. What do OPEC countries trade? (Petroleum- oil and gasoline)
67. Who is in NAFTA? (North American Free Trade Agreement- USA, Canada, and Mexico)
68. What is the goal of the World Trade Organization? (to help countries come together for global trade to make countries richer and to decrease wars)
69. Why does Israel have many conflicts today? (it is a Jewish country in the Middle East, which is mostly Islamic Countries)
70. Why did most Iranians hate the Shah of Iran? (he refused to fight Israel, he gave gasoline to the United States, he gave women rights, and he was dictator to his people who disagreed with his beliefs)
71. Who overthrew the Shaw in 1979? (Ayatollah Khomeini)
72. How did Gorbachev end the Soviet Union? (Perestroika, Glasnost, Detente)